Journal
NUCLEUS
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages 35-52Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2020.1742064
Keywords
nuclear envelope; nuclear pore complex; mitosis; chromosome segregation; micronucleus
Categories
Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Lustgarten Foundation
- National Institutes of Health [GM083299, R37 GM061345]
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The nuclear envelope (NE) is composed of two lipid bilayer membranes that enclose the eukaryotic genome. In interphase, the NE is perforated by thousands of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which allow transport in and out of the nucleus. During mitosis in metazoans, the NE is broken down and then reassembled in a manner that enables proper chromosome segregation and the formation of a single nucleus in each daughter cell. Defects in coordinating NE reformation and chromosome segregation can cause aberrant nuclear architecture. This includes the formation of micronuclei, which can trigger a catastrophic mutational process commonly observed in cancers called chromothripsis. Here, we discuss the current understanding of the coordination of NE reformation with chromosome segregation during mitotic exit in metazoans. We review differing models in the field and highlight recent work suggesting that normal NE reformation and chromosome segregation are physically linked through the timing of mitotic spindle disassembly.
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