Journal
NEURON
Volume 106, Issue 1, Pages 188-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
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Funding
- Keck Foundation
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States [R24 EY-015634, R21 EY-017938, R21 EY-020631, R01 EY-017039, P30 EY-019007]
- Dana Foundation
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The role of the cerebellum in non-motor learning is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the activity of Purkinje cells (P-cells) in the mid-lateral cerebellum as the monkey learned to associate one arbitrary symbol with the movement of the left hand and another with the movement of the right hand. During learning, but not when the monkey had learned the association, the simple spike responses of P-cells reported the outcome of the animal's most recent decision without concomitant changes in other sensorimotor parameters such as hand movement, licking, or eye movement. At the population level, P-cells collectively maintained a memory of the most recent decision throughout the entire trial. As the monkeys learned the association, the magnitude of this reward-related error signal approached zero. Our results provide a major departure from the current understanding of cerebellar processing and have critical implications for cerebellum's role in cognitive control.
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