Journal
WATER RESEARCH X
Volume 7, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100045
Keywords
Hospital and urban wastewater; Antimicrobial resistance; Resistome (ARGs and MGEs); Microbiota; WW signatures; Hospital and urban wastewater eco-exposome
Funding
- European Union [RESOLVE 707999-standard EF]
- Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University [IJCI-2017-33,465]
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford
- NIH COBRE grant [P30GM103324]
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Wastewaters (WW) are important sources for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) into the environment. Hospital WW (HWW) contain higher loads of micro-pollutants and AMR markers than urban WW (UWW). Little is known about the long-term dynamics of H and U WW and the impact of their joined treatment on the general burden of AMR. Here, we characterized the resistome, microbiota and eco-exposome signature of 126 H and U WW samples treated separately for three years, and then mixed, over one year. Multi-variate analysis and machine learning revealed a robust signature for each WW with no significant variation over time before mixing, and once mixed, both WW closely resembled Urban signatures. We demonstrated a significant impact of pharmaceuticals and surfactants on the resistome and microbiota of H and U WW. Our results present considerable targets for AMR related risk assessment of WW. (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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