Journal
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
Volume 59, Issue 4, Pages 1269-1282Publisher
IOS PRESS
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-170286
Keywords
ADNI; Alzheimer's disease; amyloid; APOE; cortical thinning; memory; mild cognitive impairment
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation (NSF) under NSF grants [CNS-1532061, CNS-0959985, CNS-1551221, HRD- 0833093, IIP 1338922]
- Ware Foundation
- Florida Department of Health
- Ed and Ethel Moore Alzheimer's Disease Research Program
- 1Florida ADRC (Alzheimer's Disease Research Center) [1P50AG047266-01A1, R01 AG047649-01A1]
- Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (National Institutes of Health Grant) [U01 AG024904]
- DOD ADNI (Department of Defense award) [W81XWH-12-2-0012]
- National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
- AbbVie
- Alzheimer's Association
- Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation
- Araclon Biotech
- BioClinica, Inc.
- Biogen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
- CereSpir, Inc.
- Cogstate
- Eisai Inc.
- Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Eurolmmun
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd
- Genentech, Inc.
- Fujirebio
- GE Healthcare
- IXICO Ltd.
- Janssen Immunotherapy Research & Development, LLC.
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC.
- Lumosity
- Lundbeck
- Merck Co., Inc.
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC.
- Neu-roRx Research
- Neurotrack Technologies
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
- Pfizer Inc.
- Piramal Imaging
- Servier
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
- Transition Therapeutics
- Canadian Institutes Institute on of Health Research
- ADNI clinical sites in Canada
- Direct For Computer & Info Scie & Enginr
- Division Of Computer and Network Systems [1551221] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Computer & Info Scie & Enginr
- Division Of Computer and Network Systems [1532061] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Background: Both amyloid (A beta beta) load and APOE4 allele are associated with neurodegenerative changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) prone regions and with risk for cognitive impairment. Objective: To evaluate the unique and independent contribution of APOE4 allele status (E4+\E4-), A beta status (Amy+\Amy-), and combined APOE4 and A beta status on regional cortical thickness (CoTh) and cognition among participants diagnosed as cognitively normal (CN, n = 251), early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI, n = 207), late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI, n = 196), and mild AD (n = 162) from the ADNI. Methods: A series of two-way ANCOVAs with post-hoc Tukey HSD tests, controlling independently for A beta and APOE4 status and age were examined. Results: Among LMCI and AD participants, cortical thinning was widespread in association with Amy+ status, whereas in association with E4+ status only in the inferior temporal and medial orbito-frontal regions. Among CN and EMCI participants, E4+ status, but not Amy+ status, was independently associated with increased CoTh, especially in limbic regions [e.g., in the entorhinal cortex, CoTh was 0.123 mm greater (p = 0.002) among E4+ than E4- participants]. Among CN and EMCI, both E4+ and Amy+ status were independently associated with cognitive impairment, which was greatest among those with combined E4+ and Amy+ status. Conclusion: Decreased CoTh is independently associated with Amy+ status in many brain regions, but with E4+ status in very restricted number of brain regions. Among CN and EMCI participants, E4+ status is associated with increased CoTh, in medial and inferior temporal regions, although cognitive impairment at this state is independently associated with Amy+ and E4+ status. These findings imply a unique pathophysiological mechanism for E4+ status in AD and its progression.
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