Journal
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
Volume 706, Issue -, Pages 234-243Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.02.237
Keywords
Lead-free ceramics; Dielectric relaxation; Impedance spectroscopy; Piezoelectric properties; Multilayer ceramics
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21373224, 21577143, 51502289]
- Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province [2014H0054, 2016J05144]
- One Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
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In this study, an improved method was developed for the preparation of lead-free (Ba1-xCax)(Ti0.91Sn0.09) O-3 (BCTS) (0.02 <= x <= 0.07) ceramics by combining the conventional solid-state reaction with a gel precursor mixing method. The effects of Ca content on the microstructural, dielectric, impedance, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics were systematically investigated. Dense ceramics with a uniform distribution of grain size and sharp grain boundaries were developed. Extremely high electrical properties of d(33) similar to 620 pC/N, k(p) similar to 46% and epsilon similar to 14500 were obtained at x = 0.03. A dielectric loss peak was observed, correlating to the oxygen vacancy relaxation at elevated temperature. Moreover, the dielectric properties vs. DC bias electric field and the temperature dependences of electrical properties were studied as well. Lastly, BCTS-based monolithic multilayer piezoelectric actuators were successfully fabricated showing large displacements under low driven voltages. These results would be valuable for understanding the electric properties of BCTS ceramics that would in turn extend their applications in multilayer piezoelectric devices. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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