Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 66, Issue 26, Pages 6569-6577Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01427
Keywords
polyurethane emulsifier; avermectin nanoemulsion; disulfide group; insecticidal ability
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Plan) [2014CB932202]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21574074]
- Fund of the Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education [2017AML08]
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In this study, a polyurethane emulsifer with various functional groups was prepared from isophorone diisocyanate, avermectin, 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid, and bis(2-hydroxyethyl) disulfide. The chemical structure of the polymer was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and element analysis. The polymer exhibited adequate emulsification ability for avermectin after neutralization with triethylamine. A satisfaying nanoemulsion was obtained, in which avermectin was encapsulated in nanoparticles with 50 wt % drug loading, low organic solvent content, and high stability under dilution and centrifuging treatment in addition to low surface tension, high affinity to crop leaf, and improved avermectin photostability. The resulting nanoparticles showed degradability in the presence of DL-dithiothreitol or inside the insect as a result of the disulfide bonds, promoting the release of avermectin. As a result, the avermectin nanoparticles showed higher insecticidal ability compared to both the avermectin nanoparticles without a disulfide group and the avermectin emulsifiable concentrate.
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