Journal
CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS
Volume 8, Issue 2, Pages 35-46Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1007/s40142-020-00184-w
Keywords
Substance use disorders; Addiction genetics; Psychiatric genetics; Genome-wide association studies; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Statistical genetics
Categories
Funding
- NIAAA [F32AA027435]
- NIMH [MH109532]
- NIDA [K02DA32573]
- American Foundation for Suicide Prevention [YIG-0-064-18]
- Washington University in St. Louis (Division of Biology and Biological Sciences)
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Purpose of the ReviewSample size increases have resulted in novel and replicable loci for substance use disorders (SUDs). We summarize some of the latest insights into SUD genetics and discuss next steps for the field.Recent FindingsGenome-wide association studies have substantiated the role of previously known variants (e.g., rs1229984 in ADH1B for alcohol) and identified several novel loci for alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, opioid, and cocaine use disorders. SUDs are genetically correlated with psychiatric outcomes, while liability to substance use is inconsistently associated with these outcomes and more closely associated with lifestyle factors. Specific variant associations appear to differ somewhat across populations, although similar genes and systems are implicated.SummaryThe next decade of human genetic studies of addiction should focus on expanding to non-European populations, consider pleiotropy across SUDs and with other psychiatric disorders, and leverage human and cross-species functional data to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying SUDs.
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