Greener approach for pulp and paper industry by Xylanase and Laccase

Pulp and paper manufacturing units effectuate large amounts of waste water, causing water pollution. As the generated waste water consists perilous organo-chlorine compounds exuded during various stages of paper manufacturing, thereby meticulously impacting life. Biotechnology recommends some economical and nonpolluting practices such as use of enzymes for the significant reduction in the pollution load on the water bodies. Enzymes such as Xylanase and Laccase alone or in cocktail have tremendous potential to be administered as bio-bleaching agents for they are active, renewable, non-polluting, mild, highly specific and affordable and significant for improving the grade of paper. Xylanase, the hydrolytic enzymes act on the dislocated, reprecipitated xylan onto the surface of cellulose fibres, thereby improving bleaching of paper pulp whereas Laccase, the multi-copper oxidoreductases revamp bleaching by accomplishing one electron oxidation. Sterling bio-bleaching outcome of Xylanase and Laccase alone has gained grounds for bio-bleaching via Xylanase and Laccase cocktail with the exception of being more economical and offering more stability. This review article throws light on biological systems (bio-bleaching enzymes) to reduce or replace the usage of harmful bleaching chemicals for a cleaner and greener environment.