Journal
NANOSCALE
Volume 12, Issue 22, Pages 11887-11898Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01070g
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51902222, 51603142, U1610255]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province [201701D221072]
- China Scholarship Council [201806935057]
- Shanxi Provincial Key Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology [2015013002-10, 201605D131045-10]
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Herein, we realized the supramolecular confinement of a single polyoxometalate (POM) cluster precisely in a polypyrrole (PPy) hydrogel-wrapped CNT framework with molecular-scale cages. This hybrid hydrogel framework demonstrated an ultra-high loading (67.5 wt%) and extremely uniform dispersion of individual of H-3[P(Mo3O10)(4)] (PMo12) molecules, as demonstrated by sub-angstrom-resolution HAADF-STEM. Consequently, it exhibited a better supercapacitor performance than that of the conventional composite system. The flexible solid-state supercapacitor exhibited a high energy density of 67.5 mu W h cm(-2) at a power density of 700 mu W cm(-2) and delivered a high capacitance retention of 85.7% after 3000 cycles. Moreover, the flexible device exhibited excellent mechanical stability. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the wrapped fishnet-like hydrogel creates a cage structure with a size of 1.8 nm for the precise storage of the PMo12 molecule (diameter = 1.05 nm), leading to the mono-dispersion of single PMo12 molecules on the hybrid hydrogel. The caging effect also activates the PMo12 molecule to enhance its charging/discharging performance by introducing new reactive sites for proton transfer. We believe that this design for suitable cage structures can be used for the construction of other POM-based hybrid hydrogels, thereby achieving mono-dispersity and performance enhancement.
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