Journal
MATTER
Volume 2, Issue 6, Pages 1366-1376Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.04.020
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51872192, 51672182, 51772197]
- Thousand Young Talents Plan
- Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation [BK20180002]
- Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province [19KJA170001, 17KJA430013]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
- US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office
- DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
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Ubiquitous implementation of microelectronics in microelectromechanical systems requires stable power supplies and necessitates development of on-chip miniature power sources, such as microbatteries. However, conventional thin-film batteries exhibit limited surface area and sluggish diffusion kinetics with insufficient energy and power density. In contrast, three-dimensional beyond- lithium (e.g., sodium, zinc, aluminum) battery architectures can significantly enhance the areal energy and power and meanwhile maintain the low-cost mass production. Despite this, the future of beyond-lithium systems is being questioned as they each present shortcomings. In this Perspective, we discuss scientific advancements in reaction kinetics control, electrochemical stability improvements, and reaction mechanismunderstanding in three-dimensional beyond-lithiumbattery systems and call for intensive research efforts to address the challenges and develop strategies that can pave the way toward their commercialization.
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