Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Volume 30, Issue -, Pages 100-111Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2015.02.002
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Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
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Prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas genomic loci encode RNA-mediated adaptive immune systems that bear some functional similarities with eukaryotic RNA interference. Acquired and heritable immunity against bacteriophage and plasmids begins with integration of similar to 30 base pair foreign DNA sequences into the host genome. CRISPR-derived transcripts assemble with CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins to target complementary nucleic acids for degradation. Here we review recent advances in the structural biology of these targeting complexes, with a focus on structural studies of the multisubunit Type I CRISPR RNA-guided surveillance and the Cas9 DNA endonuclease found in Type II CRISPR-Cas systems. These complexes have distinct structures that are each capable of site-specific double-stranded DNA binding and local helix unwinding.
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