Journal
IEEE ACCESS
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages 113932-113942Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3003778
Keywords
NILM; load identification; active deep learning; semi-supervised learning; CNN; pool-based sampling; stream-based sampling
Categories
Funding
- Tianjin Graduate Research and Innovation Project [2019YJSB188]
- National Innovation Program for College Students of China and Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China
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Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) makes it possible for users and energy providers to track the fine-grained energy consumption information of residential and commercial buildings. The load identification methods in NILM usually require labeling many samples for training and evaluation, which is always expensive and time-consuming. In order to reduce the labeling cost, this paper proposed a load identification method based on Active Deep Learning (ADL). In this method, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) was applied to extract high-dimensional appliance features from original current signals. Then a pool-based or stream-based active deep learning model was built to learn the features and select high-value samples that worthy of labeling. A mixed dataset based on three public datasets was formed to evaluate the proposed method and three sampling approaches of active learning. The results showed that the proposed method could significantly reduce labeling cost on large datasets, and the number of samples required is 33% lower than the state-of-the-art method when the F1 score is equal. Compared with pool-based sampling approaches, the stream-based approach's benefits are that the classifier improved and the query frequency decreased with continuous input of samples.
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