Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
Volume 28, Issue -, Pages 83-90Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.06.008
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [MCB-0943393]
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0363]
- DARPA YFA Program [N66001-11-1-4137]
- Army Research Office [W911NF-11-1-0445]
- NSF Materials Network Grant [DMR-1108350]
- DARPA Living Foundries Program [N66001-12-C-4211]
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation [2011-37152]
- ARPA-E [DE-AR0000435]
- Chicago Biomedical Consortium
- Searle Funds at the Chicago Community Trust
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [N66001-12-C-4211, N66001-12-C-4020]
- Department of Energy [152339.5055249.100]
- Gen9, Inc.
- DuPont Inc.
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience [1413563] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [1108350] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The translation system (the ribosome and associated factors) is the cell's factory for protein synthesis. The extraordinary catalytic capacity of the protein synthesis machinery has driven extensive efforts to harness it for novel functions. For example, pioneering efforts have demonstrated that it is possible to genetically encode more than the 20 natural amino acids and that this encoding can be a powerful tool to expand the chemical diversity of proteins. Here, we discuss recent advances in efforts to expand the chemistry of living systems, highlighting improvements to the molecular machinery and genomically recoded organisms, applications of cell-free systems, and extensions of these efforts to include eukaryotic systems. The transformative potential of repurposing the translation apparatus has emerged as one of the defining opportunities at the interface of chemical and synthetic biology.
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