Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 62, Issue -, Pages 15-24Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.07.006
Keywords
Hypoxia ischemia (HI); Acetylcholinesterase (AChE); Galantamine; Inflammation; Neuroprotection
Categories
Funding
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
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Neonatal hypoxia ischemia (HI) plays a role in the etiology of several neurological pathologies and causes severe sequelae. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and cholinesterase inhibitors have demonstrated a positive action over HI induced deficits. In order to evaluate the effects of pre and post-hypoxia administrations of galantamine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, in a model of perinatal HI, Wistar rats in the postnatal day 7 (PND7) were subjected to a combination of unilateral occlusion of the right carotid artery with the exposure to a 1 h hypoxia. Intraperitoneal injections of galantamine were administered in two different protocols: one pre and other post-hypoxia. The analysis of brain structures volume at PND45 showed that pre-hypoxia galantamine treatment prevented tissue injury to the ipsilesional hippocampus. Also, immunofluorescence showed HI-induced increase in the number of astrocytes that was prevented by pre-hypoxia treatment. Biochemical analysis was performed in the ipsilesional hippocampus at PND8 and revealed that pre-hypoxia galantamine treatment: 1) prevented the neuronal loss induced by HI; 2) reduced the HI-induced hypertrophy of astrocytes; and 3) caused an increase in the activity of the anti-oxidant enzyme catalase. Overall, treatment with galantamine was able to prevent the brain damage, increase the survival of neurons, reduce astrocytic reaction and increase the activity of the anti-oxidant enzyme catalase in rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia ischemia.
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