Journal
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages 4060-4069Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSTARS.2020.3008825
Keywords
Backpropagation (BP); conjugate gradient (CG); deep belief network (DBN); hyperspectral image classification; pixel-centric spectral block features; 2-norm
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFC1405100]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41206172, 41706209, 61601133]
- Background remote sensing monitoring of geographical elements in Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve
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This article describes the use of deep belief networks (DBNs) based on the conjugate gradient (CG) update algorithm for hyperspectral classification. DBNs perform two processes: unsupervised pretraining and supervised fine-tuning. The parameter update method in the fine-tuning stage plays a key role in optimizing the classification model. The proposed method employs CG-based fine-tuning to avoid the zig-zagging problem with the gradient descent algorithm and to accelerate the DBN convergence. First, the spectral features and pixel-centric spectral block features are extracted from hyperspectral images for use as the input vectors. The update variables are then calculated based on a CG algorithm and the 2-norm, and the parameters are updated during the backpropagation step of the proposed CGDBN. Two models with different CG methods are applied to a public hyperspectral image benchmark for classification experiments and analysis, and the results are compared with those from several classification methods that are currently in use. The experimental results show that the proposed classification models have advantages in terms of model convergence and low sensitivity to certain parameters. In addition, application to a hyperspectral image of coastal wetlands in the Yellow River Delta produces a satisfactory classification. The results of this study demonstrate that the proposed CG-update-based DBN provides a new approach for hyperspectral dataset classification.
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