Journal
RESEARCH EVALUATION
Volume 29, Issue 1, Pages 66-70Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/reseval/rvz032
Keywords
societal impact; REF2014; research-society interactions; responsible research and innovation; organizational evaluation; normal impact
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Funding
- Research Council of Norway [256223]
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Societal impact of research does not occur primarily as unexpected extraordinary incidents of particularly useful breakthroughs in science. It is more often a result of normal everyday interactions between organizations that need to create, exchange, and make use of new knowledge to further their goals. We use the distinctions between normal and extraordinary societal impact and between organizational- and individual-level activities and responsibilities to discuss how science-society relations can better be understood, evaluated, and improved by focusing on the organizations that typically interact in a specific domain of research.
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