Journal
CURRENT MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 15, Issue 9, Pages 842-851Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/156652401509151105130628
Keywords
Phagocytosis; apoptosis; cell death; turnover; inflammation; clearance
Categories
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [2015CB553704]
- National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for Significant New Drugs Development [2015ZX09501-009]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81572799, 81472588]
- Pioneer Project for Young Scientist of Military Biomedicine [14QNP119]
- Pioneer Research Foundation, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology
- MRC [MR/L010593/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [MR/L010593/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Cell death by phagocytosis - termed 'phagoptosis' for short - is a form of cell death caused by the cell being phagocytosed i.e. recognised, engulfed and digested by another cell. Phagocytes eat cells that: i) expose 'eat-me' signals, ii) lose 'don't-eat-me' signals, and/or iii) bind opsonins. Live cells may express such signals as a result of cell stress, damage, activation or senescence, which can result in phagoptosis. Phagoptosis may be the most abundant form of cell death physiologically as it mediates erythrocyte turnover. It also regulates: reproduction by phagocytosis of sperm, development by removal stem cells and excess cells, and immunity by removal of activated neutrophils and T cells. Phagoptosis mediates the recognition of non-self and host defence against pathogens and cancer cells. However, in inflammatory conditions, excessive phagoptosis may kill our cells, leading to conditions such as hemophagy and neuronal loss.
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