Journal
HELIYON
Volume 6, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04492
Keywords
Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Nanotechnology; Materials application; Materials characterization; Materials processing; Materials synthesis; Thermal synthesis; Production optimization; Isotherms; Kinetics; Percentage removal
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Modified Palm Kernel Shell Activated Carbon (PKSAC) using silver nanoparticle (Ag-NPs-PKSAC) was investigated on phenol uptake from aqueous solution. Effects of temperature (500-700 degrees C), time (90-120 min), and alkaline concentration (0.1-0.5 M) were studied on the yield and methylene blue numbers for the synthesis. Effects of initial concentration (100-200 mg/L), agitation (150-250 rpm), contact time (30-120 min), and adsorbent dosage (0.15-0.25 g) were studied in a batch experiment on percentage removal of phenol. The PKS, char, PKSAC and Ag-NPs-PKSAC were characterized using BET, FTIR, SEM, and proximate analyses. The synthesis of PKSAC was optimum at 608 degrees C, 0.5 M KOH, and carbonization holding time of 60 min. The optimum phenol uptake was 85.64, 90.29 and 91.70% for PKSAC, Ag-NPs-PKSAC, and commercial adsorbent, respectively. The adsorption mechanism of phenol followed the Langmuir isotherm and best described as physio-sorption with pseudo-second-order kinetics. Phenol exhibits high affinity (Delta S degrees = 0.0079 kJ/mol K) for Ag-NPs-PKSAC with favorable adsorption (Delta G degrees = -1.551 kJ/mol) at high temperature due to endothermic (Delta H degrees = 1.072 kJ/mol) nature of the system. The result obtained in this study compared favorably with the literature.
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