Journal
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
Volume 1, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100092
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Funding
- Stiftung Mercator
- Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) e:KID [01ZX1612A]
- BMBF NoChro [FKZ 13GW0338B]
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T cell immunity toward SARS-CoV-2 spike (S-), membrane (M-), and nucleocapsid (N-) proteins may define COVID-19 severity. Therefore, we compare the SARS-CoV-2- reactive T cell responses in moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients and unexposed donors. Overlapping peptide pools of all three proteins induce SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell response with dominance of CD4(+) over CD8(+) T cells and demonstrate interindividual immunity against the three proteins. M-protein induces the highest frequencies of CD4(+) T cells, suggesting its relevance for diagnosis and vaccination. The T cell response of critical COVID-19 patients is robust and comparable or even superior to non-critical patients. Virus clearance and COVID-19 survival are not associated with either SARS-CoV-2 T cell kinetics or magnitude of T cell responses, respectively. Thus, our data do not support the hypothesis of insufficient SARS-CoV-2-reactive immunity in critical COVID-19. Conversely, it indicates that activation of differentiated memory effector T cells could cause hyperreactivity and immunopathogenesis in critical patients.
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