Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 741, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140394
Keywords
Polyester TiO2 films; Nanocomposites; Cytostatic drugs; Photocatalysis; Toxicity; Transformation products
Categories
Funding
- European Union (European Social Fund-ESF) by the Operational Programme Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning 2014-2020
- General Secretariat for Research and Technology (GSRT) through the action '1st Proclamation of Scholarships fromELIDEK for PhD Candidates' [429]
- Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) through the action '1st Proclamation of Scholarships fromELIDEK for PhD Candidates' [429]
- [MIS: 5004700]
- [EDULLL 34]
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The photocatalytic activity of two bio-based polymer photocatalysts [poly(ethylene terephthalate)-TiO2 (PET-TiO2) and poly(L-lactic acid)-graphene oxide-TiO2 (PLLA-GO-TiO2)] towards Tamoxifen (TAM), Cyclophospha-mide (CP), Cytarabine (CYT) and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FLU) removal was explored and compared. The highest pho-tocatalytic activity for the degradation of the cytostatic drugs was accomplished by PET-TiO2. Among the contaminants, TAM was the most easily removed, requiring 90 min for complete elimination, while CP showed the highest resistance to photocatalysis, not being completely removed after 6 h. Liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis was employed for the identification of several transformation products (TPs) and potential pathways were proposed. A total of seventy (70) TPs including thirty-four (34) novel ones detected in AOPs were identified. The ecotoxicity of the mixture of the cytostatic drugs and TPs formed during the photocatalytic treatment was evaluated using Daphnia magna assay and was associated with the oc-currence of specific TPs during the treatment process. The follow-up ECOSAR (Ecological Structure Activity Relationship) analysis further elucidated that only minor chemical transformations, such as the hydroxylation or the oxidative opening of an aromatic ring system, could hamper the adverse effects of cytostatic drugs in aquatic spe-cies. Such a comparative study on the mixture toxicity of cytostatics and their TPs is presented for the first time. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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