Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & HEALTH
Volume 17, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.coesh.2020.09.003
Keywords
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Funding
- UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) under the COVID-19 URGENCY programme [NE/V004883/1]
- NSF grant under the Collaborative Research: Rapid: Wastewater Informed Epidemiological Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 [2027752]
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Monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater through the process of wastewater-based epidemiology provides an additional surveillance tool, contributing to community-level screening and prevention efforts as these measurements have preceded disease cases in some instances. Numerous detections of SARS-CoV-2 RNA have been reported globally using various methods, demonstrating the technical feasibility of routine monitoring. However, to reliably interpret data produced from these efforts for informing public health interventions, additional quality control information and standardization in sampling design, sample processing, and data interpretation and reporting are needed. This review summarizes published studies of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in wastewater as well as available information regarding sample concentration, extraction, and detection methods. The review highlights areas for potential standardization including considerations related to sampling time and frequency relative to peak fecal loading times; inclusion of appropriate information on sample collection points; sample volume collected; transport and storage conditions; sample concentration procedures; RNA extraction process and performance; effective sample volumes; recovery efficiency testing; PCR inhibition; process controls throughout sample collection and processing; and PCR standard curve performance. Researchers are advised to follow the Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR guidelines. Adhering to these recommendations will enable robust interpretation of wastewater monitoring results and improved inferences regarding the relationship between monitoring results and disease cases.
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