Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 266, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115290
Keywords
Imidacloprid; Liver injury; Bile acids; Gut barrier; Gut microbiota
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFC1603004]
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products [2010DS700124-KF2002]
- Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [LR16B070002]
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The toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid (IMI) to mammals has recently received increasing attention. However, the effects of IMI on the gut barrier and liver function of male C57BL/61 mice are still unknown. The study showed that exposure to IMI could reduce relative liver weights, change hepatic tissue morphology and induce hepatic oxidative stress. The gut barrier function was greatly impaired by IMI exposure, which might increase the body's susceptibility to harmful substances in the gut. Meanwhile, the synthesis and metabolism of hepatic bile acids (BAs) was also affected by IMI exposure. The levels of serum and hepatic total bile acids (TBAs) decreased; in contrast, the fecal TBA levels increased after exposure to 30 mg/L IMI for 10 weeks. Sequencing of colonic contents revealed that the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and alpha-diversity index increased and that the gram-negative bacteria overgrew, indicating that the balance of the gut microbiota was disrupted. The present study indicated that sub-chronic exposure to IMI interfered with the gut barrier function, interfering with BAs metabolism and causing gut microbiota imbalance in male C57BL/61 mice. Taken together, IMI residues appear to be potentially toxic to mammals and even humans. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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