Journal
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
Volume 57, Issue 1, Pages 220-230Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b03836
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Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Industrial Postgraduate Scholarship program - Cabot Corporation
- Biointerfaces Institute
- Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research at McMaster University
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This work compares solvent-cast poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) nanocomposites reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and fumed silica. Mechanical properties and crystallization behavior were investigated over a range of polymer molecular weights (10 000-100 000 g/mol) and particle loadings (1-10 wt %). Polymer adsorption to CNCs and fumed silica was found to alter PEO undercooling and inhibit crystal nucleation. Atomic force microscopy revealed PEO adsorbs to CNCs in a shish-kebab morphology that is readily incorporated into the crystalline domains of the polymer. Tensile testing and nanoindentation showed that Young's modulus increased by more than 60% for CNC reinforced nanocomposites, and that the Halpin-Kardos model could effectively describe the mechanical properties. Fumed silica reinforced nanocomposites were fit to the Guth-Gold micromechanical model using effective particle volume fractions. Although only solvent-cast nanocomposites were investigated, this work provides new insight into the interactions that control dispersion, crystallization, and mechanical reinforcement.
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