Journal
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
Volume 56, Issue 40, Pages 11565-11574Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b02885
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Funding
- National Research Foundation Singapore
- Sembcorp Industries Ltd.
- National University of Singapore under the Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory
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In this work, coal fly ash (CFA) a byproduct of coal combustion, has been successfully converted into a value-added product zeolite. This study focuses on the production of the Na-A zeolite phase via the fusion method. The effects of fusion reaction temperature, hydrothermal reaction temperature, reaction time, and the concentration of alkaline were investigated. The synthesized products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and studied for their purity and yield. A fusion temperature of 550 degrees C, fusion duration of 1.5 h, and a subsequent hydrothermal temperature of 100 degrees C for a reaction of 12 h were found to be the optimal conditions. Based on the synthesis conditions found, an up-scale production process was designed and simulated with aid from the Aspen Plus program. It was found that zeolite production via the fusion method obtained high profitability. For a 5000 kg/h coal fly ash feed, a payback period of 7.1 years is feasible over a 20-year operation period. A cost-benefit analysis was studied to compare the improved environmental performance and economics of zeolite production from CFA with current CFA disposal practices.
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