Journal
THERANOSTICS
Volume 10, Issue 24, Pages 11049-11062Publisher
IVYSPRING INT PUBL
DOI: 10.7150/thno.49168
Keywords
Super enhancers; Noncoding RNAs; Tumorigenesis; Inflammatory response; Therapy
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81903032]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC1201800]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2020M672520]
- student innovation project of Central south university [1053320191093]
- Youth Fund of Xiangya Hospital [2018Q011]
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Super enhancers (SEs) are large clusters of adjacent enhancers that drive the expression of genes which regulate cellular identity; SE regions can be enriched with a high density of transcription factors, co-factors, and enhancer-associated epigenetic modifications. Through enhanced activation of their target genes, SEs play an important role in various diseases and conditions, including cancer. Recent studies have shown that SEs not only activate the transcriptional expression of coding genes to directly regulate biological functions, but also drive the transcriptional expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to indirectly regulate biological functions. SE-derived ncRNAs play critical roles in tumorigenesis, including malignant proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, and inflammatory response. Moreover, the abnormal expression of SE-derived ncRNAs is closely related to the clinical and pathological characterization of tumors. In this review, we summarize the functions and roles of SE-derived ncRNAs in tumorigenesis and discuss their prospective applications in tumor therapy. A deeper understanding of the potential mechanism underlying the action of SE-derived ncRNAs in tumorigenesis may provide new strategies for the early diagnosis of tumors and targeted therapy.
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