Journal
CURRENT ATHEROSCLEROSIS REPORTS
Volume 18, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
CURRENT MEDICINE GROUP
DOI: 10.1007/s11883-015-0554-1
Keywords
HDL; Cholesterol efflux; Reverse cholesterol transport; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular
Categories
Funding
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) [K08HL118131]
- Merck
- Vascular Strategies
- Cleveland HeartLab
- Astra Zeneca
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Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are associated with incident cardiovascular events; however, many therapies targeting increases in HDL-C have failed to show consistent clinical benefit. Thus, focus has recently shifted toward measuring high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function. HDL is the key mediator of reverse cholesterol transport, the process of cholesterol extraction from foam cells, and eventual excretion into the biliary system. Cholesterol efflux from peripheral macrophages to HDL particles has been associated with atherosclerosis in both animals and humans. We review the mechanism of cholesterol efflux and the emerging evidence on the association between cholesterol efflux capacity and cardiovascular disease in human studies. We also focus on the completed and ongoing trials of novel therapies targeting different aspects of HDL cholesterol efflux.
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