Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
Volume 162, Issue -, Pages 1241-1249Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.227
Keywords
Ammonia; Chlorella vulgaris; Exopolysaccharide; Fe3O4@EPS; Phosphate
Funding
- Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) - Korea government (MOTIE) [20194110100100]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) from the Korean government (MSIP, South Korea) [2018R1D1A1B07050040]
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [20194110100100] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2018R1D1A1B07050040, 4199990614488] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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The current study, novel magnetic nano-composite particles (Fe3O4@EPS) were successfully synthesized via the co-precipitation of iron (III) chloride and iron (II) sulfate (Fe3O4 nanoparticles) with exopolysaccharides (EPS) derived from the microalga Chlorella vulgaris. The physico-chemical nature of the Fe3O4@EPS was investigated in depth. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results estimated the core-shell nature of Fe3O4@EPS aggregated inside the indistinctly layered EPS matrix to be 10-20 nm in size. Scanning electron microscopy-based energy dispersive spectral analysis indicated that elemental Fewas successfully loaded on to the EPS polymeric ion-exchanger at a rate of 63.3% by weight. FT-IR results demonstrated that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were successfully modified by the functional groups present in EPS. Fe3O4@EPS showed a highly magnetic nature at 5.0 emu/g. The XPS survey spectrum, which showed two major peaks at 724.1 and 710.2 eV revealed the elemental composition and electronic structure of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and Fe3O4@EPS. Furthermore, nutrient removal from wastewater was studied. Under optimum conditions (3.5 g/L of Fe3O4@EPS, pH 7.0 and 13 h of incubation) 91% of PO43- and 85% of NH4+ were effectively eliminated. These findings demonstrate the potential of Fe3O4@EPS for removing PO43- and NH4+ in wastewater treatment plants. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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