Effectiveness of coagulation, sorption, and ion exchange processes in reduction of selected priority substances from surface waters

The aim of this work is to analyze micropollutants (MP) removal efficiency in coagulation, adsorption, and ion exchange processes. Research objects are two natural surface waters: Mala Panew River and Dobromierz Lake. Additionally spiked demineralized water is also being analyzed. Analyzed MPs are: anthracene, alachlor, heptachlor, and its epoxide and 4-nonylphenol. As coagulants aluminum sulfate (Alum), polyaluminum chloride (PAC), and polyaluminum chloride hydroxide (PACl) are used. Three flocculants are analyzed: Praestol (TM) 2540TR (anionic), Praestol (TM) 655BC (cationic), and Praestol (TM) 2500TR (nonionic). Sorption processes are carried out on GAC830 active carbon, as well as Lewatit S5428 and Lewatit TP207 resins. Both, coagulation and sorption processes are highly influenced by matrix organic load. Rising organic concentration positively affected MPs removal in coagulation process but decreases effectiveness of sorption processes. Coagulation process allowed to reach maximum 78% reduction as is in case of Heptachlor. Using organic and inorganic anionic sorbents allows to reach 100% MPs reduction.