Journal
C-JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH
Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/c6030056
Keywords
electric double layer capacitor; porous carbon; nitrogen doping; surface chemistry
Categories
Funding
- MINECO, FEDER (MINECO/FEDER) [CTQ2015-66080-R, RTI2018-095291-B-I00, ENE2017-90932-REDT, PID2019-105923RB-I00]
- JSPS KAKENHI [17H03123]
- Gunma University Element Functional Science Project
- VALi+d grant [ACIF/2015/374]
- [BEFPI/2016/006]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17H03123] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Nitrogen functionalization of a highly microporous activated carbon (S-BET> 3000 m(2)/g), to be used as electrode of electric double layer capacitor (EDLC), was carried out by different methods based on organic chemistry protocols at low temperature and selective thermal post-treatments under inert atmosphere. The combination of both methods allowed the production of carbon materials with very similar surface area (2400-3000 m(2)/g) and different surface chemistry. The nitrogen functionalization by chemical methods produce the attachment of 4 at. % N (XPS) by consumption of oxygen functional groups. The thermal treatments rearrange the surface chemistry by decreasing and converting both nitrogen and oxygen moieties. The effect of surface chemistry on the performance of these materials as electrodes for symmetric supercapacitors was analyzed in organic electrolyte (1M TEMABF(4)/propylene carbonate). The devices showed high gravimetric capacitance (37-40 F/g) and gravimetric energy density (31-37 Wh/kg). The electrochemical stability of the EDLC was evaluated by a floating test under severe conditions of voltage and temperature. The results evidence an improvement of the durability of nitrogen-doped activated carbons modified by chemical treatments due to the decrease of detrimental oxygen functionalities and the generation of nitrogen groups with higher electrochemical stability.
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