Adiponectin and insulin: molecular mechanisms of metabolic disorders

Adiponectin, the most common plasma adipocytokine, plays a crucial metabolic and anti-inflammatory role. With insulin resistance associated with obesity, an increase of adiponectin concentration, which leads to the activation of signaling pathways involved in the regulation of metabolism, occurs. Currently, adiponectin is being investigated as a potential therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome, although more research is required to understand the underlying mechanisms controlling its levels. In this review, we will examine the main mechanisms that control adiponectin levels in blood serum and its role in insulin-sensitizing effect, as well as evaluate the potential use of adiponectin and its receptors as a potential therapeutic target.