Journal
NEOPLASIA
Volume 22, Issue 11, Pages 606-616Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.08.006
Keywords
Breast cancer; Chemotherapy; Tumor-associated macrophages; Phagocytosis; Tumor cell debris; Heme oxygenase-1
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Funding
- Global Core Research Center (GCRC) of the National Research Foundation (NRF) from the Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea [2011-003-0001]
- BK21 Plus Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) from the Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea [10Z20130000017]
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Chemotherapy is commonly used as a major therapeutic option for breast cancer treatment, but its efficacy is often diminished by disruption of patient's anti-tumor immunity. Chemotherapy-generated tumor cell debris could hijack accumulated tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), provoking tumor recurrence. Therefore, reprogramming TAMs to acquire an immunocompetent phenotype is a promising strategy to potentiate therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we analyzed the proportion of immune cells in the breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy. To validate our findings in vivo, we used a syngeneic murine breast cancer (4T1) model. Chemotherapy generates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in breast cancer. Here, we show that phagocytic engulfment of tumor cell debris by TAMs reduces chemotherapeutic efficacy in a 4T1 breast cancer model. Specifically, the engulfment of tumor cell debris by macrophages reduced M1-like polarization through heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) upregulation. Conversely, genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of HO-1 in TAMs restored the M1-like polarization. Our results demonstrate that tumor cell debris-induced HO-1 expression in macrophages regulates their polarization. Inhibition of HO-1 overexpression in TAMs may provoke a robust anti-tumor immune response, thereby potentiating the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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