Journal
JOURNAL OF PAIN RESEARCH
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages 2739-2747Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/JPR.S271458
Keywords
Nigerian periwinkle; formalin test; anti-nociception and analgesia; marine natural products; bioactivity; Nigerian periwinkle; formalin test; anti-nociception and analgesia; marine natural products; bioactivity
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Funding
- AFRICA-ai-JAPAN grant from JICA
- Pan African University of Science, Technology and Innovation (PAUSTI)
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Purpose and Methods: In this study, the analgesic activity of the crude alcohol (acetone-methanol) and aqueous (in PBS, pH 7.2) extracts of the marine molluscs, Pachymelania aurita and Tympanotonus fuscatus, has been evaluated using the formalin test (for chronic antinociceptive) and the tail-flick (acute antinociceptive) pain models in male swiss albino mice. Results: The results show that the extracts of P. aurita and T fuscatus demonstrated high safety margins as single doses of up to 2000 mg/kg bwt proved to be well tolerated and non-lethal, although the alcohol extract of P. aurita caused necrosis in the liver and kidney when administered at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg bwt. In the formalin test, treatment with the aqueous extracts of P. aurita and T. fuscatus as well as the alcohol extract of T. fuscatus 30 min before the subcutaneous injection of 5% formalin to the paw of the mice resulted in a significant time- and dose-dependent reduction in total and phase 2a pain-related behavior and thus nociception. The extracts had no analgesic effect in tail-flick test up to the highest dose tested. Conclusion: Hence, the results from both models indicate that the site of their analgesic action is probably peripheral.
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