Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 26, Issue 40, Pages 6270-6278Publisher
BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i40.6270
Keywords
Pancreas; COVID-19; Pancreatic involvement; Pancreatitis; Amylase; Lipase
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Funding
- European Union (European Regional Development Fund) [GINOP-2.3.2-15-201600048, EFOP 3.6.2-16-201700006]
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BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, mostly causing respiratory symptoms, is also known to affect the gastrointestinal tract. Several case reports hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 could be an etiological factor in acute pancreatitis (AP). AIM To assess all the available evidence in the literature relating to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and AP. METHODS We performed a systematic review of the available literature on the topic. The systematic search was conducted on 15 May 2020 on MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science and Scopus with a search key using the terms amylase, lipase, pancr*, COVID-19 and synonyms. Due to the low quality and poor comparability of the studies, a meta-analysis was not performed. RESULTS Six case reports and two retrospective cohorts were included, containing data on eleven COVID-19 patients with AP. Five patients had AP according to the Atlanta classification. Other publications did not provide sufficient information on the diagnostic criteria. Most cases were considered SARS-CoV-2-induced, while several established etiological factors were not investigated. We were able to identify other possible causes in most of them. CONCLUSION We strongly highlight the need for adherence to the guidelines during a diagnostic and etiological workup, which could alter therapy.
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