Journal
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
Volume 391, Issue -, Pages 56-68Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.08.008
Keywords
Zeolite; BrOnsted acids; Lewis acids; Zoning; Core-shell; Aluminum siting
Categories
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0014468]
- Welch Foundation [E-1794]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0014468] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
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This mini-review provides an overview of the current state of acid site control in zeolite catalysts, including methods of synthesis, advanced characterization, and measured effects of acid properties (speciation, concentration, proximity, siting, and spatial distribution) on a variety of commercially-relevant reactions. The diversity of aluminum species is described with respect to their location at specific sites in zeolite crystals as well as mesoscopic gradients in elemental composition that give rise to zoned or core-shell architectures. Challenges in the identification of acid siting are highlighted within the context of trial-and-error synthesis methods for a range of aluminosilicate frameworks, which hinder a priori design of catalysts, and limitations in techniques to suitably characterize active sites. Emphasis is also placed on knowledge gaps in zeolite catalysis wherein broad development of structure-performance relationships relies on future advancement of synthesis and analytical methods in parallel with atomistic modeling. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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