4.6 Article

In Vivo High-Efficiency Wireless Power Transfer With Multisine Excitation

Journal

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
Volume 65, Issue 9, Pages 3530-3540

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2017.2681652

Keywords

Implantable biomedical devices; magnetic resonance; rectifiers; spiral coil; wireless power transfer (WPT)

Funding

  1. National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore [NRF-CRP10-2012-01]
  2. Singapore National Research Foundation Industry-IHL Partnership Grant
  3. National Natural Science Foundation of China [61372012]
  4. Jiangsu Province [BY2012229]

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This paper presents a systematic design of a high-efficiency magnetic resonant wireless power transfer (MR-WPT) system for biomedical implants based on the unconventional multisine (MS) transmission waveform. The MS waveform featuring a high peak to average power ratio can boost the system efficiency with an elaborate design. Optimizations on flexible coil, system model, and rectifier design are all considered to strengthen its efficiency improvement as well as eliminate its drawbacks. With all the proposed optimizations implemented, the MS waveform has been applied for the first time in practical MR-WPT system for in vivo power delivery. A 6.78-MHz MR-WPT system with 18-mm implant depth is realized for wirelessly powering a spinal cord stimulator. It achieves an overall system efficiency (both coils and rectifier included) of 50.7% with a three-tone 230-kHz tone spacing MS waveform postimplantation in the rodent model. Low specific absorption rate and the tissue temperature rising from electromagnetic fields in the body are also verified to guarantee a safe and practical wireless power link for biomedical implants.

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