Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS
Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages 1356-1365Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2017.2731797
Keywords
Efficient QRS detector; haar wavelet transform (HWT); low power; mobile ECG monitoring; modulus maxima pair identification (MMPI); R position modification (RPM)
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61474107, 61634006, 61372060, 61335010]
- National Key Technologies RD Program [2016YFC0105604, 2016YFB0401303, 2016YFB0402405]
- Basic Research Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission [16JC1400101]
- Key Research Program of Frontier Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDY-SSW-JSC004]
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This paper proposes a low power and efficient QRS processor for real-time and continuous mobile ECG monitoring. The QRS detector contains the wavelet transform (WT), the modulus maxima pair identification (MMPI), and the R position modification (RPM). In order to reduce power consumption, we choose the Haar function as the mother wavelet of WT. It is implemented by an optimized FIR filter structure where none of the multiplier is used. The MMPI processes the wavelet coefficients at scale 24 and provides candidate R peak positions for the RPM. To improve the accuracy and robust performance, a number of modules have been designed in MMPI, including the preprocessing unit, the automatic threshold updating, and the decision state machine. The RPM is designed to eliminate digital time delay in wavelet transform and locate the R peak position precisely. Raw ECG signals and QRS detection results are output simultaneously. Fabricated in 0.18-mu m N-well CMOS 1P6M technology, the power consumption of this chip is only about 410 nW in 1 V voltage supply. Validated by all 48 sets of data in the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, the sensitive and the positive prediction are 99.60% and 99.77% respectively.
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