Journal
CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Volume 29, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0963689720947416
Keywords
Parkinson's disease; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000; 6-hydroxydopamine
Funding
- Tungs' MetroHarbor Hospital [TTMHH-106R0022, TTMHH-109R0002, TTMHH-108R0011]
- Ministry of Science and Technology Taiwan [MOST 108-2314-B-016-010]
- Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan [TSGH-D-109145]
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While Parkinson's disease (PD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two distinct conditions, it has been hypothesized that they share several overlapping anatomical and neurochemical changes. In order to investigate that hypothesis, this study used claims data from Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 to provide the significant nationwide population-based evidence of an increased risk of PD among ADHD patients, and the connection between the two conditions was not the result of other comorbidities. Moreover, this study showed that the patients with PD were 2.8 times more likely to have a prior ADHD diagnosis compared with those without a prior history of ADHD. Furthermore, an animal model of ADHD was generated by neonatally injecting rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). These rats were subjected to behavior tests and the 99mTc-TRODAT-1 brain imaging at the juvenile stage. Compared to control group rats, the 6-OHDA rats showed a significantly reduced specific uptake ratio in the striatum, indicating an underlying PD-linked pathology in the brains of these ADHD phenotype-expressing rats. Overall, these results support that ADHD shares a number of anatomical and neurochemical changes with PD. As such, improved knowledge of the neurochemical mechanisms underlying ADHD could result in improved treatments for various debilitating neurological disorders, including PD.
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