Patch Antenna Generating Structured Fields With a Mobius Polarization State

The term structured light has been recently introduced to indicate a whole series of studies related to the shaping of the amplitude and phase distributions of an optical beam in order to obtain unusual properties. This concept has then found applications at microwave frequencies, but limited to the generation of electromagnetic fields with a nonzero orbital angular momentum. In this letter, inspired by the recent realization of an optical beam with a Mobius strip polarization state, we investigate the possibility of generating an electromagnetic field with such a peculiar behavior by using standard microwave structures. In particular, in order to obtain the required amplitude and phase patterns, we propose to use a single multimode patch antenna and, through analytical and full-wave numerical results, we prove the effectiveness of our approach.