Journal
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
Volume 31, Issue 25, Pages 4492-4506Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/hyp.11353
Keywords
best management practices (BMPs); green infrastructure (GI); low impact development (LID); sustainable drainage systems (SuDS); urban stormwater management; water budget
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [DGE-1449617, SES-1444755]
- Surdna Foundation [20140225]
- Syracuse University
- Direct For Education and Human Resources
- Division Of Graduate Education [1449617] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie [1444755] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Using water budget data from published literature, we demonstrate how hydrologic processes govern the function of various stormwater infrastructure technologies. Hydrologic observations are displayed on a Water Budget Triangle, a ternary plot tool developed to visualize simplified water budgets, enabling side-by-side comparison of green and grey approaches to stormwater management. The tool indicates ranges of hydrologic function for green roofs, constructed wetlands, cisterns, bioretention, and other stormwater control management structures. Water budgets are plotted for several example systems to provide insight on structural and environmental design factors, and seasonal variation in hydrologic processes of stormwater management systems. Previously published water budgets and models are used to suggest appropriate operational standards for several green and grey stormwater control structures and compare between conventional and low-impact development approaches. We compare models, characterize and quantify water budgets and expected ranges for green and grey infrastructure systems, and demonstrate how the Water Budget Triangle tool may help users to develop a data-driven approach for understanding design and retrofit of green stormwater infrastructure.
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