Journal
HYDROBIOLOGIA
Volume 799, Issue 1, Pages 203-215Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10750-017-3214-3
Keywords
Dispersal; Microorganisms; Partition of gamma diversity; Phycobiogeography; Shallow lakes
Categories
Funding
- Nucleus of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (NUPELIA)
- National Program for Research in Biodiversity (Sisbiota Brazil)
- Brazilian Research Council (CNPq)
- Brazilian Federal Agency
- Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES)
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Understanding the distribution patterns of species and how spatial and environmental factors drive the structure of communities is crucial to the preservation of biodiversity. We evaluate, during the low and high water periods, the phytoplankton diversity in lakes of four Brazilian floodplain systems (FPs): Amazon, Araguaia, Pantanal, and Parana. We hypothesized that (i) species variation/replacement among floodplains (beta(2)) is the predominant mechanism in shaping phytoplankton gamma diversity; (ii) the variation in phytoplankton taxonomic composition within each floodplain (beta(1)) is mainly governed by local environmental conditions due to the high dispersal ability of phytoplankton at small spatial scales; and (iii) variation in the phytoplankton taxonomic composition among floodplains (beta(2)) is mainly influenced by dispersal limitation. Variation partitioning was used to evaluate the influence of spatial and environmental factors on species richness. Higher gamma diversity was found in the Araguaia and Amazon FPs. The high contribution of beta(2) (large scale) to gamma diversity revealed the high degree of environmental heterogeneity in each floodplain. beta(1) (small scale) was more influenced by environmental variables, and beta(2) by both spatial and environmental factors. Our findings showed that gamma diversity was explained by the interaction between the two factors, and that these processes influencing variation were scale dependent.
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