Journal
HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH
Volume 49, Issue 5, Pages 327-337Publisher
GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-119202
Keywords
Epicardial fat; angiotensinogen; interleukin 1 beta; monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; tumor necrosis factor; adiponectin; UCP-1
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Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) plays a role in cardiac physiology and may contribute to the development of coronary artery disease. Our objective was to determine whether there was a significant difference in gene expression in EAT compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and to identify potential relationships. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched using the key terms Epicardial Adipose Tissue or Epicardial Fat in combination with RNA, mRNA, or gene. The entry criteria were studies that presented primary data including expression levels of mRNA in human EAT compared with SAT and an expression of variance (SD). Genes identified by 2 or more studies were evaluated. Genes that showed significant change in expression between EAT and SAT were examined using the Gene Functional Classification analytical tool in Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery and cross-validated by ToppGene. Seventeen genes were identified from 25 studies. Meta-analysis showed that 10 genes (ADORA1, adiponectin, AGT, ADM, CATA, IL-1 beta, MCP-1, RBP-4, TNF-alpha, UCP-1) were significantly different in EAT. Gene Functional Classification analysis yielded 23 clusters with signifi cant relationships. The top clusters were focused on responses to glucocorticoid stimulus, regulation of apoptosis, cellular ion homeostasis, and responses to hormone stimulus. Genetic analysis shows that EAT is discretely different from SAT. ADORA1, adiponectin, AGT, ADM, CATA, IL-1 beta, MCP-1, RBP-4, TNF-alpha, and UCP-1 may play signifi cant roles in the unique physiology of EAT and/ or its role in pathophysiology, through mechanisms as diverse as steroid hormone responses and regulation of apoptosis.
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