Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 31, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202008404
Keywords
crystal orientation; high efficiency and stability; multi‐ phases distribution; quasi‐ 2D perovskite; spacer cation tuning
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61604101, 61805034, 61904152]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019M653721]
- Macao Science and Technology Development Fund [FDCT-0044/2020/A1, MYRG2018-00148-IAPME]
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China [2019A1515012186]
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials [2019B121205002]
- Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province [2020JDJQ0030]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [YJ201955]
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Halide substitution in phenethylammonium spacer cations is an effective strategy to enhance the performance of PEA based perovskite solar cells. The substitution eliminates the n = 1 2D perovskite phase, leading to perpendicular crystal orientation and orderly distribution of different n-phases in the films. This results in significantly improved power conversion efficiency and stability in the PSCs.
Halide substitution in phenethylammonium spacer cations (X-PEA(+), X = F, Cl, Br) is a facile strategy to improve the performance of PEA based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of X-PEA based quasi-2D (Q-2D) PSCs is still unsatisfactory and the underlying mechanisms are in debate. Here, the in-depth study on the impact of halide substitution on the crystal orientation and multi-phase distribution in PEA based perovskite films are reported. The halide substitution eliminates n = 1 2D perovskite and thus leads to the perpendicular crystal orientation. Furthermore, nucleation competition exists between small-n and large-n phases in PEA and X-PEA based perovskites. This gives rise to the orderly distribution of different n-phases in the PEA and F-PEA based films, and random distribution in Cl-PEA and Br-PEA based films. As a result, (F-PEA)(2)MA(3)Pb(4)I(12) (MA = CH3NH3+, n = 4) based PSCs achieve a PCE of 18.10%, significantly higher than those of PEA (12.23%), Cl-PEA (7.93%) and Br-PEA (6.08%) based PSCs. Moreover, the F-PEA based devices exhibit remarkably improved stability compared to their 3D counterparts.
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