Journal
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
Volume 25, Issue 5, Pages 3237-3247Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03654-1
Keywords
Self-assembling peptide P11-4; Hydroxyapatite (HAP); Bovine enamel; Color measurement; Whitening effects; SEM
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Funding
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany
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This study evaluated the adhesion and whitening effects of a combination of P11-4 self-assembling peptide and hydroxyapatite (peptide-HAP) on bovine enamel. The low-concentration peptide-HAP suspension showed similar whitening efficacy to a commercial bleaching agent. Increasing the concentration of the suspension did not improve overall whitening effects, and SEM observations confirmed the presence of peptide and HAP on the enamel surface.
Objectives This study evaluated the adhesion and whitening effects of a combination of P11-4 self-assembling peptide and hydroxyapatite (peptide-HAP) on bovine enamel. Methods Forty-six caries-free bovine teeth were selected, and 40 teeth were randomly allocated to one of five groups (n = 8). First, the effects of application frequency, exposure time, and storage in saliva on the whitening effects of an experimental low-concentrated peptide-HAP suspension (0.5 wt% HAP; Curodont, Credentis) were evaluated and compared with a commercial bleaching agent (VivaStyle Paint on Plus, VS, Ivoclar Vivadent). Tooth color was measured using a spectrophotometer (Gretag MacBeth), and color changes Delta E were statistically analyzed. Second, the effects of peptide-HAP concentration (low versus high: 6.25% HAP; Curodont Protect), and its interactions with saliva and postapplication restaining, were investigated. Third, enamel surfaces (n = 2) were treated with low concentration peptide-HAP and high-concentration peptide-HAP in polymeric and monomeric forms (Curodont Protect & Curodont Repair, Credentis) and analyzed by SEM. Results The Delta E of the low-concentration peptide-HAP suspension did not differ from that of VS. Application frequency, exposure time, and storage in saliva did not have any significant impact on whitening efficacy of the peptide-HAP suspension. Increasing the concentration of the suspension did not promote overall Delta E. SEM observations confirmed the presence of the newly generated peptide and HAP on the enamel surface. Conclusions The peptide-HAP suspension is a mild tooth whitener, and the adhesion of peptide-HAP to enamel is concentration dependent.
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