Journal
CORTEX
Volume 70, Issue -, Pages 101-114Publisher
ELSEVIER MASSON, CORPORATION OFFICE
DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.06.025
Keywords
Facial mimicry; Gender differences; TMS; Somatosensory cortex; Motor cortex
Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation [PBGEP1-139870]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (NCCR Affective Sciences grant) [51NF40-104897-DG]
- Vincent Rochas [310030_132952]
- National Science Foundation [BCS-1251101]
- Open Research Area (ORA) in Europe for the Social Sciences (ANR-DFG-ESRC-NOW) [ANR-10-ORAR-010-01]
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci [1251101] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PBGEP1_139870] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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Under theories of embodied emotion, exposure to a facial expression triggers facial mimicry. Facial feedback is then used to recognize and judge the perceived expression. However, the neural bases of facial mimicry and of the use of facial feedback remain poorly understood. Furthermore, gender differences in facial mimicry and emotion recognition suggest that different neural substrates might accompany the production of facial mimicry, and the processing of facial feedback, in men and women. Here, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was applied to the right primary motor cortex (M1), the right primary somatosensory cortex (Si), or, in a control condition, the vertex (VTX). Facial mimicry of smiles and emotion judgments were recorded in response to video clips depicting changes from neutral or angry to happy facial expressions. While in females rTMS over M1 and Si compared to VTX led to reduced mimicry and, in the case of M1, delayed detection of smiles, there was no effect of TMS condition for males. We conclude that in female participants M1 and Si play a role in the mimicry and in the use of facial feedback for accurate processing of smiles. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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