4.6 Article

Enabling High Capacity and Coulombic Efficiency for Li-NCM811 Cells Using a Highly Concentrated Electrolyte

Journal

BATTERIES & SUPERCAPS
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 294-303

Publisher

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/batt.202000192

Keywords

concentrated electrolyte; electrochemistry; interfaces; lithium metal anode; NCM811 cathode

Funding

  1. Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), an Energy Innovation Hub - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences
  2. Buhrke Fellowship from the Department of Chemistry at the University of Illinois
  3. NSERC through their Discovery Research Chair program
  4. NSERC through their Canada Research Chair program

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The study reveals that the highly concentrated electrolyte HCE shows higher performance and thermal stability in lithium metal cells compared to the dilute LiPF6 electrolyte, providing better stability against the anode. However, the capacity of the HCE system decreases with cycle number due to the formation of decomposition products. Cycling at higher temperatures further enhances the performance of the HCE system.
Lithium metal batteries suffer from dendrite formation and the associated safety hazards of thermal runaway reactions. In this study, we report the performances of a highly concentrated electrolyte (HCE) and a dilute LiPF6 electrolyte in lithium metal cells using LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2. While the HCE exhibits lower bulk ionic conductivity than the dilute LiPF6 electrolyte, the cell conductivity is higher for the HCE system, indicating higher thermodynamic stability of the electrolyte against the electrodes. Full cell cycling demonstrates higher capacity for the HCE system, which declines as a function of cycle number due to the formation of decomposition products, similar to the dilute LiPF6 system. The origin of the enhanced performance is the higher stability of the HCE against a Li metal anode as compared to the dilute LiPF6 electrolyte. Cycling at higher temperatures further enhances the performance of the HCE, which is more thermally stable than the dilute LiPF6 electrolyte.

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