Journal
PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH
Volume 31, Issue 6, Pages 817-830Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2020.1844334
Keywords
motion energy analysis; nonverbal synchrony; process and outcome research; R package; behavioural time-series
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Funding
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern
- University of Padua under the 2019 STARS Grants programme
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This paper introduces Motion Energy Analysis (MEA) and the related software package rMEA, which can help researchers automatically assess the amount of person's movement and nonverbal synchrony, providing useful tools and methods for psychotherapy research.
Introduction. Motion Energy Analysis (MEA) is a procedure that allows to automatically assess the amount of persons' movement from video recordings. Recent studies used MEA to investigate nonverbal synchrony, i.e., the occurrence of simultaneous movement, suggesting the existence of an association with relationship quality. In patient-therapist dyads, synchrony predicted therapeutic alliance, empathy, as well as treatment outcome. Package description . The article presents rMEA, an open-source R package that allows to import, filter, and visualize dyadic time-series of nonverbal behaviour generated by other MEA software. The package includes a fast, state-of-the-art, moving window cross-correlation algorithm with lag analysis, which provides a user-friendly interface for the assessment of nonverbal synchrony. Through the analysis of a motivating example (40 psychotherapy intake interviews split between dropouts and good cases) the article provides an in-depth description of the package main functions and a tutorial for a typical analysis in this field, requiring only the most basic knowledge of the R language and environment. The rich visualization capabilities of the software provide powerful tools for the various steps involved in the diagnostics, analysis, interpretation and publication of these data. Conclusions. Overall, the paper aims to empower psychotherapy researchers and other interaction scientists to investigate nonverbal synchrony in their own dyads.
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