Journal
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
Volume 169, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.109816
Keywords
Person-centered; Five-Factor Model; Personality theory; Characteristic adaptations; Standardization; Ipsative measures; Interactive scores; Differential psychology
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Person-centered psychology can be understood through a comprehensive personality inventory, gathering information on characteristic adaptations and life outcomes, and explaining them in terms of enduring personality traits suggested by Five-Factor Theory.
William Stern, a founder of differential psychology, was also an early exponent of person-centered approaches to personality. Lamiell (2009) and Block (1961) argued that interactive or ipsative approaches to assessment are more suitable for person-centered psychology, but these methods are susceptible to distortions that can be corrected by standardization, the usual method used in variable-centered assessments. We argue that persons can be understood by (1) employing a comprehensive and multi-faceted personality inventory, preferably completed by two sources; (2) supplementing the personality profile by gathering information on the person's characteristic adaptations and life outcomes; and (3) explaining adaptations and outcomes in terms of enduring personality traits, as suggested by Five-Factor Theory (McCrae & Costa, 2008). We conclude with a case study.
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