Journal
GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 152, Issue 5, Pages 1078-1089Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.12.016
Keywords
Medication; Liver Damage; Side Effect; Anti-Fungal Agent
Categories
Funding
- International Serious Adverse Events Consortium
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit at the Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and University of Nottingham
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [U01-DK065176, U01-DK065201, U01-DK065184, U01-DK065211, U01DK065193, U01-DK065238, U01-DK083023, U01-DK083027, U01-DK082992, U01-DK083020, U01-DK100928]
- Clinical and Translational Science Award [UL1 RR025761, UL1 TR001111, UL1 RR024986]
- EC 5th Framework program [QLRI-CT-2002-02757]
- Spanish Medicine Agency, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER [P10-CTS-6470, FIS PI12/00378]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- Swedish Medical Products Agency
- Swedish Society of Medicine [2008-21619]
- Swedish Research Council [521-2011-2440]
- Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation [20120557]
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III [EC08/00250]
- CONICYT [PIA/Basal PFB12]
- Medical Research Council [MR/N005953/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0512-10064] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [MR/N005953/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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BACKGROUND & AIMS: We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic risk factors for druginduced liver injury (DILI) from licensed drugs without previously reported genetic risk factors. METHODS: We performed a GWAS of 862 persons with DILI and 10,588 population-matched controls. The first set of cases was recruited before May 2009 in Europe (n = 137) and the United States (n = 274). The second set of cases were identified from May 2009 through May 2013 from international collaborative studies performed in Europe, the United States, and South America. For the GWAS, we included only cases with patients of European ancestry associated with a particular drug (but not flucloxacillin or amoxicillin-clavulanate). We used DNA samples from all subjects to analyze HLA genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms. After the discovery analysis was concluded, we validated our findings using data from 283 European patients with diagnosis of DILI associated with various drugs. RESULTS: We associated DILI with rs114577328 (a proxy for A* 33: 01 a HLA class I allele; odds ratio [OR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9 - 3.8; P = 2.4 x 10(-8)) and with rs72631567 on chromosome 2 (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.6 - 2.5; P = 9.7 x 10(-9)). The association with A* 33: 01 was mediated by large effects for terbinafine-, fenofibrate-, and ticlopidine-related DILI. The variant on chromosome 2 was associated with DILI from a variety of drugs. Further phenotypic analysis indicated that the association between DILI and A* 33: 01 was significant genome wide for cholestatic and mixed DILI, but not for hepatocellular DILI; the polymorphism on chromosome 2 was associated with cholestatic and mixed DILI as well as hepatocellular DILI. We identified an association between rs28521457 (within the lipopolysaccharide-responsive vesicle trafficking, beach and anchor containing gene) and only hepatocellular DILI (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.6 - 2.7; P = 4.8 x 10(-9)). We did not associate any specific drug classes with genetic polymorphisms, except for statin-associated DILI, which was associated with rs116561224 on chromosome 18 (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 3.0 - 9.5; P = 7.1 x 10(-9)). We validated the association between A* 33: 01 terbinafine-and sertraline-induced DILI. We could not validate the association between DILI and rs72631567, rs28521457, or rs116561224. CONCLUSIONS: In a GWAS of persons of European descent with DILI, we associated HLA-A* 33: 01 with DILI due to terbinafine and possibly fenofibrate and ticlopidine. We identified polymorphisms that appear to be associated with DILI from statins, as well as 2 non-drug-specific risk factors.
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