A review of clothing microbiology: the history of clothing and the role of microbes in textiles

Humans have worn clothing for thousands of years, and since its invention, clothing has evolved from its simple utilitarian function for survival to become an integral part of society. While much consideration has been given to the broad environmental impacts of the textile and laundering industries, little is known about the impact wearing clothing has had on the human microbiome, particularly that of the skin, despite our long history with clothing. This review discusses the history of clothing and the evolution of textiles, what is and is not known about microbial persistence on and degradation of various fibres, and what opportunities for the industrial and environmental application of clothing microbiology exist for the future.

Automated summary

Clothing has evolved into an integral part of society over thousands of years, but little is known about the impact wearing clothing has on the human microbiome. This review discusses the history of clothing, microbial persistence and degradation on different fibers, and future opportunities for the industrial and environmental application of clothing microbiology.