Soil carbon flux research in the Asian region: Review and future perspectives

Soil respiration (R-s) is the largest flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) next to photosynthesis in terrestrial ecosystems. With the absorption of atmospheric methane (CH4), upland soils become a large CO2 source and CH4 sink. These soil carbon (C) fluxes are key factors in the mitigation and adaption of future climate change. The Asian region spans an extensive area from the northern boreal to tropical regions in Southeast Asia. As this region is characterised by highly diverse ecosystems, it is expected to experience the strong impact of ecosystem responses to global climate change. For the past two decades, researchers in the AsiaFlux community have meaningfully contributed to improve the current understanding of soil C dynamics, response of soil C fluxes to disturbances and climate change, and regional and global estimation based on model analysis. This review focuses on five important aspects: 1) the historical methodology for soil C flux measurement; 2) responses of soil C flux components to environmental factors; 3) soil C fluxes in typical ecosystems in Asia; 4) the influence of disturbance and climate change on soil C fluxes; and 5) model analysis and the estimation of soil C fluxes in research largely focused in Asia.

Automated summary

Soil carbon fluxes in the Asian region play a crucial role in understanding and addressing future climate change impacts. Over the past two decades, researchers have made significant contributions to improving the understanding of soil C dynamics and response to disturbances and climate change. Key aspects of research in this area include historical methodologies, environmental factors influencing soil C flux, typical ecosystem profiles, impacts of disturbance and climate change, and modeling for estimating soil C fluxes in Asia.